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2026-3-18 9:09:18
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Lyudmyla Marushchak, etc.,al. [preprint]Community-Based Surveillance for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses among Deceased Birds. https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.06.710164.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at 8 days ago from https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.06.710164 (via https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.03.06.710164v1)
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b, are spreading worldwide, posing a threat to wildlife, domestic animals, and humans. In 2025, a multidisciplinary collaboration for ...

TONG Qi, etc.,al. Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of Novel Reassortant H6 Subtype Avian Influenza Viruses in Chickens. Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2026, 62(3).  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at 9 days ago from Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2026, 62(3) (via http://www.flu.org.cn/scn/article-25464.html)
Since October 2025, suspected avian influenza cases have been successively reported in chicken flocks across several provinces in Eastern China. Affected chickens included yellow-feathered broilers, white-feathered ...

Li, Y., Qiao, Y., Zhan, Y. et al. Mapping global avian influenza risk patterns through waterbird activity entropy. Nat Commun (2026).  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at 9 days ago from Nat Commun (2026) (via https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41467-026-70432-0)
Avian influenza viruses (AIV) pose a major zoonotic threat with pandemic potential. Waterbirds facilitate AIV spillovers into farm animals and humans through exposure and virus reassortment. Here, we propose ...

Barman S, Iyengar R, Miller L, Turner JCM, Franks. Reverse genetic rescue and propagation of human influenza A(H3N2) master virus seed in HEK-293 suspension cells. Virology. 2026 Mar 3;618:110862.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at 9 days ago from Virology. 2026 Mar 3;618:110862 (via https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004268222)
Human challenge studies are important tools in influenza research, especially during intensified efforts to develop a universal influenza vaccine. However, such studies of influenza viruses are often hampered ...

Lee CW, Glover S, Olivier T, Lee Y, Erickson S, Gu. Evaluation of immune response in calves vaccinated with baculovirus vectored inactivated vaccine expressing 2.3.4.4b H5 protein of highly pathogenic Avian Influenza virus. Vet Microbiol. 2026 Mar 3;316:110970.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at 9 days ago from Vet Microbiol. 2026 Mar 3;316:110970 (via https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037811352)
Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus is circulating widely in US dairy cattle with significant implications for milk production and cow health. Due to the critical need for ...

Zhu, G., Hou, H., Wang, W. et al. Genomic surveillance of H1N1, H3N2 and influenza B Victoria lineage viruses in Qingyang (2020-2023): phylogenetic and molecular characteristics analysis of HA/NA genes. BMC Infect Dis (2026).  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at 9 days ago from BMC Infect Dis (2026) (via https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-026-12853-2)
BackgroundHA and NA are important surface proteins of influenza viruses. The purpose of this study was to explore the molecular evolution and amino acid mutations of HA and NA of H1N1, H3N2 and Influenza ...

Gagandeep Singh, etc.,al. [preprint]Compartmentalized cytokine networks and systemic immune remodeling in bovine mammary H5N1 infection. https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.06.710145.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at 10 days ago from https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.06.710145 (via https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.03.06.710145v1)
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A H5N1 has recently expanded its mammalian host range; in 2024, genotype B3.13 emerged in U.S. dairy cattle with pronounced mammary tropism. In the past, Influenza A virus ...

Rotsch, A.H., Li, D., Dupont, M. et al. Mechanism of co-transcriptional cap snatching by influenza polymerase. Nature (2026).  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at 11 days ago from Nature (2026) (via https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10189-0)
Influenza virus mRNAs are stable and competent for nuclear export and translation because they receive a 5' cap(1) structure in a process called cap snatching1. During cap snatching, the viral RNA-dependent ...

Konner Cool, etc.,al. [preprint]Pathogenesis of H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b in dry Jersey cows following intramammary inoculation shows within-host compartmentalization. https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.04.709389.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at 11 days ago from https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.04.709389 (via https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.03.04.709389v1)
Dairy cattle have emerged as a prolific amplifying host for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b and a new source for cross-species and zoonotic transmission. Independent ...

Devon Riley, etc.,al. [preprint]Optimizing an avian influenza vaccine using a novel Bacterial Enzymatic Combinatorial Chemistry (BECC) TLR4 adjuvant. https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.03.709477.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at 11 days ago from https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.03.709477 (via https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.03.03.709477v1)
The development of broadly protective and dose-sparing influenza vaccines remains a critical challenge, particularly for zoonotic H5N1 strains with pandemic potential. This study evaluates BECC470s, a ...

Tong Wang, etc.,al. Lack of Respiratory Droplet Transmission of Two Recent Human Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses in Female Ferrets. International Journal of Infectious Diseases.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at 13 days ago from International Journal of Infectious Diseases (via https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S120197122)
BackgroundClade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) (HPAI H5N1) viruses are widespread globally and have transmitted from birds to dairy cattle at least four times in the United States, ...

Yuwei Wu, etc.,al. Isolation of Reassortant H5N1 and H5N8 Avian Influenza Viruses from Co-Infections and Their Host-Dependent Replication Dynamics. Veterinary Microbiology.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at 13 days ago from Veterinary Microbiology (via https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S03781)
Co-infection with avian influenza virus (AIV) is common in poultry populations, primarily due to the diversity of viral subtypes and the practice of mixed-species farming. However, the replication dynamics ...

Jiao, P., Jia, X., Bai, X. et al. A single mutation in nonstructural protein 1 is critical for the adaptive evolution of influenza B virus. Nat Commun (2026).  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at 14 days ago from Nat Commun (2026) (via https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-70211-x)
Influenza B virus (IBV) has circulated in the human population for a long time, yet the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for host adaptation remain poorly understood. Here we show that recent IBV strains ...

Le Sage V, Vu MN, Maltepes MA, Wang S, Snow BA, Me. Fatal human H3N8 influenza virus has a moderate pandemic risk. PLoS Pathog. 2026 Mar 3;22(3):e1013586.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at 14 days ago from PLoS Pathog. 2026 Mar 3;22(3):e1013586 (via https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/j)
In China, low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H3N8 virus is widespread among chickens and has recently caused three zoonotic infections, with the last one in 2023 being fatal. Here we evaluated the relative ...

López-Morales A, Benito D, Gerrikagoitia X, Alvare. No evidence of influenza A virus infection in marine mammals stranded in Basque Country coast (Northern Spain) in the context of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b expansion. Can J Microbiol. 2026 Mar 3.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at 14 days ago from Can J Microbiol. 2026 Mar 3 (via https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/cjm-2025-0211)
Influenza A infection is frequently detected in marine mammals causing mortality events of different magnitude. In recent years, the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus (clade 2.3.4.4b) ...

Ebrahimzadeh, A. Fractional optimal control of avian–human influenza with environmental and behavioral interactions. Int. J. Dynam. Control 14, 101 (2026).  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 2, 2026 from Int. J. Dynam. Control 14, 101 (2026) (via https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40435-026-02038-9)
This work proposes a novel and comprehensive fractional-order model for the transmission dynamics and optimal control of a zoonotic avian–human influenza system involving two viral strains. The model distinguishes ...

Nicolas de Prost, etc.,al. [preprint]Clinical and virological characteristics of critically ill patients with influenza in France during the 2025/26 season, marked by the emergence of influenza A(H3N2) clade K. https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.02.20.26346693.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 2, 2026 from https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.02.20.26346693 (via https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.02.20.26346693)
Importance: Recent reports have highlighted an intense influenza activity related to the circulation of the influenza A(H3N2) subclade k variant. There is no data available on the impact of the emergence ...

Runxin Ye et al. STING–NF-κB signaling builds an influenza spillover barrier. Science391,eads4405(2026).  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Feb, 27, 2026 from Science391,eads4405(2026) (via https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ads4405)
INTRODUCTIONInfluenza A viruses (IAVs) of avian origin pose a continuous pandemic threat. For transmission to occur, avian IAVs must adapt to overcome human cellular defenses. Although several protective ...

Lee HM, Sutton K, Harvey W, Sives S, Pinto RM, Gau. Synergy between HA cleavage site sequence and NA-mediated plasminogen recruitment as a virulence mechanism for low-pathogenic avian influenza. mBio. 2026 Feb 26:e0246625.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Feb, 27, 2026 from mBio. 2026 Feb 26:e0246625 (via https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mbio.02466-25)
An outbreak of H3N1 low-pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV) in Belgium in 2019 caused unexpected levels of mortality and morbidity in poultry. These viruses possess an NA polymorphism associated with ...

Xu X, Shao W, Zhang K, Wang M, Wu M, Wang Y, Xu G,. Enhancing Vaccine Immunogenicity of H9N2 Influenza HA by Locking Its Pre-Fusion Conformation via Cleavage Site Engineering. Vet Sci. 2026 Feb 3;13(2):147.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Feb, 27, 2026 from Vet Sci. 2026 Feb 3;13(2):147 (via https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/13/2/147)
Avian influenza (AI) significantly threatens poultry health and causes major economic losses in the poultry industry. Vaccination remains crucial for AI prevention and control. The major protective epitopes ...

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