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2026-5-31 20:54:58
Article

Diletta Fornasiero, etc.,al. Continuous phylogeography reveals shifting environmental drivers of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 spread in Italy, 2016-2023. Virus Evolution.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 11, 2026 from Virus Evolution (via https://academic.oup.com/ve/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ve/v)
The ongoing global spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) continues causing major impacts on poultry, wildlife, and public health. Among the most affected countries in Europe, Italy experienced ...

Tiphaine Cayol, etc.,al. Porcine influenza mAbs to H3, H5 and H7 hemagglutinins recognise H3 egg adapted site and target the HA stem. Discovery Immunology, kyag006.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 11, 2026 from Discovery Immunology, kyag006 (via https://academic.oup.com/discovimmunology/advance-article/do)
IntroductionMonoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are critical tools for elucidating viral evolution, informing vaccine design, and developing antiviral therapeutics. Large-animal models, such as the pig, that ...

Stenkamp-Strahm C, McCluskey B, Melody B, Urie N,. Dairy Sites with Milk Exposure Are Most Likely to Have Detection of Influenza A Virus. Microorganisms. 2026; 14(3):584.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 11, 2026 from Microorganisms. 2026; 14(3):584 (via https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/14/3/584)
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus of the H5N1 subtype has been infecting U.S. dairy cattle and spreading among dairy operations since March 2024. H5N1 surveillance systems for dairies are needed, ...

Solís-Hernández M, Orta-Pineda G, Alcazar-Ramiro C. Novel Reassortant H5N2 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses from Backyard Poultry in Mexico. Viruses. 2026; 18(3):337.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 11, 2026 from Viruses. 2026; 18(3):337 (via https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/18/3/337)
Highly pathogenic influenza A viruses of the H5 subtype continue to diversify worldwide through mutation and genetic reassortment, generating novel variants with unpredictable consequences under the One ...

Eszter Kovacs, etc.,al. [preprint]H5N1 2.3.4.4b HA E190D and Q226H mutations, picked up as minority variants in a patient, result in an inability to bind sialic acid. https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.06.710037.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 10, 2026 from https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.06.710037 (via https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.03.06.710037v1)
A human infection with clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 influenza A virus in Canada revealed minority variants E190D and Q226H in the hemagglutinin (HA) receptor-binding site (RBS). Because mutations at positions 190 ...

Csaba Varga. [preprint]Spatiotemporal clustering of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 at the wild waterfowl-poultry interface: Vector-specific spillover risks in the U.S., 2022~2025. https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.06.710020.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 10, 2026 from https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.06.710020 (via https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.03.06.710020v1)
Background: The emergence of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b in North America, beginning in February 2022, has highlighted the dynamic, unpredictable, and regionally variable ...

Lyudmyla Marushchak, etc.,al. [preprint]Community-Based Surveillance for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses among Deceased Birds. https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.06.710164.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 10, 2026 from https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.06.710164 (via https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.03.06.710164v1)
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b, are spreading worldwide, posing a threat to wildlife, domestic animals, and humans. In 2025, a multidisciplinary collaboration for ...

TONG Qi, etc.,al. Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of Novel Reassortant H6 Subtype Avian Influenza Viruses in Chickens. Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2026, 62(3).  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 9, 2026 from Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2026, 62(3) (via http://www.flu.org.cn/scn/article-25464.html)
Since October 2025, suspected avian influenza cases have been successively reported in chicken flocks across several provinces in Eastern China. Affected chickens included yellow-feathered broilers, white-feathered ...

Li, Y., Qiao, Y., Zhan, Y. et al. Mapping global avian influenza risk patterns through waterbird activity entropy. Nat Commun (2026).  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 9, 2026 from Nat Commun (2026) (via https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41467-026-70432-0)
Avian influenza viruses (AIV) pose a major zoonotic threat with pandemic potential. Waterbirds facilitate AIV spillovers into farm animals and humans through exposure and virus reassortment. Here, we propose ...

Barman S, Iyengar R, Miller L, Turner JCM, Franks. Reverse genetic rescue and propagation of human influenza A(H3N2) master virus seed in HEK-293 suspension cells. Virology. 2026 Mar 3;618:110862.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 9, 2026 from Virology. 2026 Mar 3;618:110862 (via https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004268222)
Human challenge studies are important tools in influenza research, especially during intensified efforts to develop a universal influenza vaccine. However, such studies of influenza viruses are often hampered ...

Lee CW, Glover S, Olivier T, Lee Y, Erickson S, Gu. Evaluation of immune response in calves vaccinated with baculovirus vectored inactivated vaccine expressing 2.3.4.4b H5 protein of highly pathogenic Avian Influenza virus. Vet Microbiol. 2026 Mar 3;316:110970.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 9, 2026 from Vet Microbiol. 2026 Mar 3;316:110970 (via https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037811352)
Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus is circulating widely in US dairy cattle with significant implications for milk production and cow health. Due to the critical need for ...

Zhu, G., Hou, H., Wang, W. et al. Genomic surveillance of H1N1, H3N2 and influenza B Victoria lineage viruses in Qingyang (2020-2023): phylogenetic and molecular characteristics analysis of HA/NA genes. BMC Infect Dis (2026).  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 9, 2026 from BMC Infect Dis (2026) (via https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-026-12853-2)
BackgroundHA and NA are important surface proteins of influenza viruses. The purpose of this study was to explore the molecular evolution and amino acid mutations of HA and NA of H1N1, H3N2 and Influenza ...

Gagandeep Singh, etc.,al. [preprint]Compartmentalized cytokine networks and systemic immune remodeling in bovine mammary H5N1 infection. https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.06.710145.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 8, 2026 from https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.06.710145 (via https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.03.06.710145v1)
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A H5N1 has recently expanded its mammalian host range; in 2024, genotype B3.13 emerged in U.S. dairy cattle with pronounced mammary tropism. In the past, Influenza A virus ...

Rotsch, A.H., Li, D., Dupont, M. et al. Mechanism of co-transcriptional cap snatching by influenza polymerase. Nature (2026).  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 7, 2026 from Nature (2026) (via https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10189-0)
Influenza virus mRNAs are stable and competent for nuclear export and translation because they receive a 5' cap(1) structure in a process called cap snatching1. During cap snatching, the viral RNA-dependent ...

Konner Cool, etc.,al. [preprint]Pathogenesis of H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b in dry Jersey cows following intramammary inoculation shows within-host compartmentalization. https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.04.709389.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 7, 2026 from https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.04.709389 (via https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.03.04.709389v1)
Dairy cattle have emerged as a prolific amplifying host for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b and a new source for cross-species and zoonotic transmission. Independent ...

Devon Riley, etc.,al. [preprint]Optimizing an avian influenza vaccine using a novel Bacterial Enzymatic Combinatorial Chemistry (BECC) TLR4 adjuvant. https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.03.709477.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 7, 2026 from https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.03.709477 (via https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.03.03.709477v1)
The development of broadly protective and dose-sparing influenza vaccines remains a critical challenge, particularly for zoonotic H5N1 strains with pandemic potential. This study evaluates BECC470s, a ...

Tong Wang, etc.,al. Lack of Respiratory Droplet Transmission of Two Recent Human Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses in Female Ferrets. International Journal of Infectious Diseases.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 5, 2026 from International Journal of Infectious Diseases (via https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S120197122)
BackgroundClade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) (HPAI H5N1) viruses are widespread globally and have transmitted from birds to dairy cattle at least four times in the United States, ...

Yuwei Wu, etc.,al. Isolation of Reassortant H5N1 and H5N8 Avian Influenza Viruses from Co-Infections and Their Host-Dependent Replication Dynamics. Veterinary Microbiology.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 5, 2026 from Veterinary Microbiology (via https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S03781)
Co-infection with avian influenza virus (AIV) is common in poultry populations, primarily due to the diversity of viral subtypes and the practice of mixed-species farming. However, the replication dynamics ...

Jiao, P., Jia, X., Bai, X. et al. A single mutation in nonstructural protein 1 is critical for the adaptive evolution of influenza B virus. Nat Commun (2026).  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 4, 2026 from Nat Commun (2026) (via https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-70211-x)
Influenza B virus (IBV) has circulated in the human population for a long time, yet the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for host adaptation remain poorly understood. Here we show that recent IBV strains ...

Le Sage V, Vu MN, Maltepes MA, Wang S, Snow BA, Me. Fatal human H3N8 influenza virus has a moderate pandemic risk. PLoS Pathog. 2026 Mar 3;22(3):e1013586.  Abstract  
submitted by kickingbird at Mar, 4, 2026 from PLoS Pathog. 2026 Mar 3;22(3):e1013586 (via https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/j)
In China, low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H3N8 virus is widespread among chickens and has recently caused three zoonotic infections, with the last one in 2023 being fatal. Here we evaluated the relative ...

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