Intranasal Immunization with Inactivated Influenza Virus Enhances Immune Responses to Coadministered Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Like Particle Antigens

Sang-Moo Kang, Lizheng Guo, Qizhi Yao, Ioanna Skountzou, and Richard W. Compans. Intranasal Immunization with Inactivated Influenza Virus Enhances Immune Responses to Coadministered Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Like Particle Antigens. J. Virol., Sep 2004; 78: 9624 - 9632
submited by kickingbird at Sep, 17, 2004 9:59 AM from J. Virol., Sep 2004; 78: 9624 - 9632

Intranasal Immunization with Inactivated Influenza Virus Enhances Immune Responses to Coadministered Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Like Particle Antigens

Sang-Moo Kang,¹^, Lizheng Guo,¹^, Qizhi Yao,² Ioanna Skountzou,¹ and Richard W. Compans¹^*

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia,¹ Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas²

Received 28 January 2004/ Accepted 27 April 2004

Intranasal immunization with inactivated influenza virus vaccinecan provide protective immunity, whereas many other antigensare less effective when used for mucosal immunization. To determinewhether influenza virus could enhance immune responses to anantigen coadministered to a mucosal surface, we studied theintranasal immunization of mice with a mixture of simian-humanimmunodeficiency virus (SHIV) virus-like particles (VLPs) andinactivated influenza virus. Compared to mice immunized withSHIV VLPs alone, mice coimmunized with SHIV VLPs and inactivatedinfluenza virus showed significant increases in serum immunoglobulinG (IgG) and mucosal IgA antibodies specific to the human immunodeficiencyvirus envelope protein, neutralizing activities, numbers ofgamma interferon- and interleukin 4-secreting lymphocytes, andcytotoxic-T-lymphocyte activities. The levels of enhancementof immune response by coimmunization with inactivated influenzavirus were equivalent to those induced by inclusion of immunostimulatoryCpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG DNA). We also observed that SHIVVLPs bind to influenza virus virions, forming mixed aggregates.These results indicate that inactivated influenza virus canplay a role as a mucosal adjuvant to coadministered antigens.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30322. Phone: (404) 727-5947. Fax: (404) 727-8250. E-mail: compans@microbio.emory.edu.

Contributed equally to this study.