Contribution of E190D and Q226H Mutations in HA to the Receptor-Binding Profile of D1.1 Genotype H5N1 Viruses

Fang Y, Yang L, Zou S, Liu L, Zhu W, Wang D. Contribution of E190D and Q226H Mutations in HA to the Receptor-Binding Profile of D1.1 Genotype H5N1 Viruses. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2026 Jul;20(7):e70
submited by kickingbird at Jul, 26, 2026 9:8 AM from Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2026 Jul;20(7):e70

A 2024 human HPAI H5N1 case in British Columbia showed mixed viral populations containing HA-190D (28%) and HA-226H (35%) variants in tracheal aspirate sequencing. In this study, solid-phase binding assay and molecular docking were used to evaluate the contribution of HA-E190D/Q226H mutations to the viral receptor profiles. Our results showed that HA-E190D marginally reduced sialic acid α2,3 receptors´ affinity, while HA-Q226H impaired both sialic acid α2,3 and α2,6 receptors´ binding. These results demonstrate that neither mutation strengthens viral binding to human-type receptors, indicating that such substitutions are unlikely to heighten the public health threat posed by the virus for now.