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2025-12-5 16:54:59


Quan, K., Zhang, N., Lin, M. et al. Development of a broad-spectrum subunit vaccine against H9N2 avian influenza using HA stem domain scaffold and snoopligase system. npj Vaccines 10, 136 (2025)
submited by kickingbird at Jul, 2, 2025 9:20 AM from npj Vaccines 10, 136 (2025)

H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) is a globally prevalent pathogen that causes economic losses in poultry and poses zoonotic threats. Due to antigenic drift and shift, traditional inactivated vaccines often show reduced efficacy. This study presents a novel subunit vaccine based on a conserved HA6 scaffold derived from the hemagglutinin stem domain and coupled with a fusion peptide epitope (fPE) via Snoopligase-mediated ligation. The HA6 protein was validated by its binding to the broad-spectrum antibody CR6261, and the fPE-HA6 fusion construct incorporated T- and B-cell epitopes. Immunization trials in a chicken demonstrated that fPE-HA6 induced stronger humoral and cellular immune responses than individual immunogens. Upon challenge with H9N2 strains YZ4 and SN, the fusion vaccine significantly reduced viral shedding, demonstrating broad-spectrum protection. These findings highlight the potential of HA6 as a modular scaffold for influenza vaccines and the utility of Snoopligase technology in developing broadly protective immunogens against antigenically variable viruses.

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