Spronken, M.I., Funk, M., Gultyaev, A.P. et al. Nucleotide sequence as key determinant driving insertions at influenza A virus hemagglutinin cleavage sites. npj Viruses 2, 17 (2024)
Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) emerge from H5 and H7 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs), most frequently upon insertions of nucleotides coding for basic amino acids at the cleavage site (CS) of the hemagglutinin (HA). The exact molecular mechanism(s) underlying this genetic change and reasons underlying the restriction to H5 and H7 viruses remain unknown. Here, we developed a novel experimental system based on frame repair through insertions or deletions (indels) of HAs with single nucleotide deletions. Indels were readily detected in a consensus H5 LPAIV CS at low frequency, which was increased upon the introduction of only one substitution leading to a longer stretch of adenines at the CS. In contrast, we only detected indels in H6 when multiple nucleotide substitutions were introduced. These data show that nucleotide sequence is a key determinant of insertions in the HA CS, and reveal novel insights about the subtype-specificity of HPAIV emergence.
See Also:
Latest articles in those days:
- Assessment of individual and population-based sampling for detection of Influenza A virus RNA in breeding swine herds 6 hours ago
- Evaluation of humoral immune response and milk antibody transfer in calves and lactating cows vaccinated with inactivated H5 avian influenza vaccine 7 hours ago
- [preprint]Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses Isolated From Dairy Cattle Demonstrate High Virulence in Laboratory Models, but Retain Avian Virus-like Properties 1 days ago
- The Occurrence of Another Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) Spillover from Wild Birds into Dairy Cattle 1 days ago
- Dynamics of influenza transmission in vampire bats revealed by longitudinal monitoring and a large-scale anthropogenic perturbation 3 days ago
[Go Top] [Close Window]