OIE: Low pathogenic avian influenza (poultry), United States of America

OIE: Low pathogenic avian influenza (poultry), United States of America
submited by kickingbird at Sep, 6, 2008 12:5 PM from OIE

Information received on 03/09/2008 from Dr John Clifford, Deputy Administrator, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, United States of America

Summary

Report type	Immediate notification
Start date	25/08/2008
Date of first confirmation of the event	02/09/2008
Report date	03/09/2008
Date submitted to OIE	04/09/2008
Reason for notification	Reoccurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence	07/2008
Causal agent	Low pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype	H5N8
Nature of diagnosis	Laboratory (advanced)
This event pertains to	a defined zone within the country

New outbreaks

Summary of outbreaks

Total outbreaks: 1

Outbreak Location and Affected population

IDAHO (Payette County, Payette County) : Approximately 30,000 game birds (pheasants, chukars, partridges, mallard ducks) which are bred and used for release activities (hunting). ? There is no report of major mortality losses in the game birds. ? At this time, the positive results only trace back to the pheasant pen (approximately 1,000 pheasants). ? The game birds were last reported to be PCR negative on AI testing performed in July 2008.

Total animals affected

Species	Susceptible	Cases	Deaths	Destroyed	Slaughtered
Birds	30000	**		0	0

Outbreak statistics

Species	Apparent morbidity rate	Apparent mortality rate	Apparent case fatality rate	Proportion susceptible animals lost*
Birds	**	**	**	**

* Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter
** Not calculated because of missing information

Epidemiology

Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection

Contact with wild species

Epidemiological comments

? The game bird owner recently submitted three dead birds to the Pennsylvania Animal Diagnostic Laboratory and Pennsylvania State University (PSU) for diagnostic work-up.
? The PSU laboratory identified Pasturella and Mycoplasma from culture but also ran the PCR test for avian influenza (AI), which is a routine testing procedure. The PCR test gave positive results for AI. Samples were also forwarded to the National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) for confirmation.
? 29 August 2008: the NVSL confirmed an H5 positive, N1 negative PCR finding.
? The premises was quarantined by the Idaho Department of Agriculture on 29 August 2008.
? Enhanced surveillance and epidemiological investigation of the game bird premises began on 29 August 2008 by the Idaho Department of Agriculture officials, in conjunction with USDA APHIS Veterinary Services personnel.
? 2 September 2008: the NVSL confirmed and reported an H5N8 positive virus from samples taken from pheasants on the game bird premises.
? 3 September 2008: sequencing results from NVSL were compatible with low pathogenic avian influenza. The sequence is approximately 98.5% similar to A/mallard/BC/373/2005 H5N2 and 98.3% similar to A/tundra swan/AK/44049-168/2006 H5N2.

Note by the OIE Animal Health Information Department: H5 and H7 avian influenza in its low pathogenic form in poultry is a notifiable disease as per Chapter 2.7.12. on avian influenza of the Terrestrial Animal Health Code.

Control measures

Measures applied	Quarantine Vaccination prohibited No treatment of affected animals
Measures to be applied	Disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s)

Diagnostic test results

Laboratory name and type

Pennsylvania Animal Diagnostic Lab (Local laboratory)

Tests and results

Species	Test	Test date	Result
Birds	polymerase chain reaction (PCR)	27/08/2008	Positive

Laboratory name and type

National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) (National laboratory)

Tests and results

Species	Test	Test date	Result
Birds	real-time reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR)	02/09/2008	Positive

Laboratory name and type

NVSL (National laboratory)

Tests and results

Species	Test	Test date	Result
Birds	haemagglutination inhibition test (HIT)	02/09/2008	Positive
Birds	neuraminidase inhibition assay	02/09/2008	Positive
Birds	virus isolation	02/09/2008	Positive
Birds	virus sequencing	03/09/2008	Positive

Future Reporting

The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.

See Also:

http://www.oie.int

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