On February 10, 2025, the Shandong Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center received a report of a suspected highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak at a poultry farm. To verify the authenticity of the report and assess its potential impact, the center promptly established an investigation team and developed a survey plan. On February 11, the team conducted on-site investigations and sampling at the reported farm and surrounding poultry populations, and held interviews with local veterinary departments. Through detailed investigations using on-site surveys, interviews, and sample testing, it was found that the report was false. The report originated from the death of meat ducks raised by the reporter, which led to significant economic losses after ineffective treatment and early culling. The investigation revealed that the reporter attempted to claim compensation from the vaccine manufacturer to mitigate their losses. The results indicated that the incident was not an HPAI outbreak but rather an economic dispute between the farmer and the vaccine manufacturer. This study emphasizes the importance of accurate information verification during outbreak reporting and investigation to prevent unnecessary panic and resource wastage.